14-004994
Theresa Williams vs.
Florida Department Of Corrections
Status: Closed
Recommended Order on Tuesday, June 30, 2015.
Recommended Order on Tuesday, June 30, 2015.
1STATE OF FLORIDA
4DIVISION OF ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS
8THERESA WILLIAMS ,
10Petitioner,
11vs. Case No. 14 - 4994
17FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF
20CORRECTIONS ,
21Respondent.
22/
23RECOMMENDED ORDER
25An administrative hearing was conducted in this case on
34March 24 , 2015, in Bushnell , Florida, before James H. Peterson,
44III, Administrative Law Judge with the Division of
52Administrative Hearings.
54APPEARANCES
55For Petitioner: Carlos V. Leach, Esquire
61Morgan & Morgan, P.A.
6520 North Orange Avenue, Suite 1600
71Post Office Box 4979
75Orlando , Florida 32802 - 4979
80For Respondent: Sena M. Bailes , Esquire
86Florida Department of Corrections
905 01 South Calhoun Street
95Tallahassee, Florida 32399 - 2500
100STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE
104Whether Respondent Department of Corrections (Respondent or
111the Department) violated the Florida Civil Rights Act of 1992,
121sections 760.01 Î 760.11 and 509.092, Florida Statutes , 1/ by
131discharging Petitioner Theresa Williams (Petition er ) in
139retaliation for her participation as a witness during the
148investigation of a n alleged discrimination claim brought by
157another employee .
160PRELIMINARY STATEMENT
162On April 14 , 2014 , Petitioner filed a complaint of
171discrimination with the Florida Commission on Human Relations
179( Ð FCHR Ñ or Ð the Commission Ñ ), which was assigned FCHR No.
194201 400621 ( Ð Complaint of Discrimination Ñ ). The Complaint of
206Discrimination alleges that the Department discriminated against
213Petitioner in employment by unfairly disciplining and
220discharging her in retaliation for participating in a
228discrimination investigation. Aft er investigating PetitionerÓs
234allegations, the Commission's executive director issued a
241Determination of Cause on Sept ember 19, 2014, finding Ðthat
251there is reasonable cause to believe that an unlawful employment
261di scrimination practice occurred.Ñ An acco mpanying Notice of
270Determination notified Petitioner of her right to file a
279Petition for Relief for an administrative proceeding within 35
288days of the Notice. On October 22 , 2014, Petitioner timely
298filed a Petition for Relief and, on October 22 , 2014, the
309Commission forwarded the petition to the Division of
317Administrative Hearings for the assignment of an administrative
325law judge to condu ct an administrative hearing. The case was
336assigned to the undersigned and this case was initiall y
346scheduled for a hearing to begin on January 29, 2015. Following
357Petitioner's written requ est for a continuance, the final
366hearing was rescheduled for March 24, 2015.
373During the administrative hearing, Petitioner testified,
379called three witnesses, and in troduced six exhibits received
388into evidence as Exhibits P - 1, P - 2, and P - 4 through P - 7.
406Respondent presented the testimony of two witness es and
415introduced four exhibits into evidence as Exhibits R - A through
426R - D .
430The p roceedings were recorded and a t ranscr ipt was ordered.
442The parties a greed to file their respective proposed recommended
452o rders within 1 0 days from the filing of the t ranscript . The
467two - volume Transcript of the hearing was filed on May 1 , 2015.
480T he parties filed their Proposed Recommended Or ders prior to the
492filing of the Transcript. B oth Proposed Recommended Orders were
502considered in the preparation of this Recommended Order.
510FINDINGS OF FACT
5131. The Department of Corrections is a state agency as
523defined in chapter 110, Florida Statutes, and an employer as
533that term is defined in section 760.02(7), Florida Statutes.
5422. At all times material, Petitioner was employed as a
552nurse at the Department's Lake Correctional Institution ( Ð the
562Institution Ñ ) in Clermont, Florida. She was hired by the
573Department as a Licensed Practical Nurse effective July 12,
5822007 .
5843. Petitioner was terminated from her position with th e
594Ins titution in May 2013. At the time of Petitioner's
604termination, her official title was ÐSenior Licensed Practical
612Nurse.Ñ
6134. Prior to her termination, the Department provided
621Petitioner with a letter dated April 16, 2013, advising her of
632her proposed dismissal and scheduling a meeting ( Ð termination
642conference Ñ ) with the Institution's Warden to discuss the
652reasons why Petitioner was being considered for termination .
661The letter was excluded from evidence because it was not timely
672disclosed as an exhibit by the Department as required in the
683Order of Prehearing Instructions in this case . Nevertheless,
692Respondent testified that she attended the termination
699conference and that, during the termination conference, she was
708provided, and they discussed, three incident reports against her
717that she had previously seen.
7225. The termination conference was attended by the
730Institution's W arden, the Assistant Warden, and Dr. Virginia
739Mesa, the Institution's Chief Health Operator . The incident
748reports discussed at Petitioner's termination conference
754included Petitioner's alleged violation on February 8, 2013, of
763the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
771of 1996 ( HIPAA ) for which Dr. Mesa recommended PetitionerÓs
782dismissal ; Petitioner's alleg ed failure on February 8, 2013, to
792carry out an assignment to log w alking canes provided to
803inmates ; and an alleged argument on February 18, 2013, with a
814supervisor regarding Petitioner's reassignment to process
820transferred inmates know n as "new gains."
8276. There is no indication that the termination conference
836changed the Department's proposed decision to terminate
843Petitioner.
8447. At the final hearing, Petitioner testified and
852presented evidence designed to prove that the incidents outlined
861above did not occur. However, following her termination in
8702013, Petitioner timely filed a career service system appeal
879with the State of Florida, Public Employees Relations Commission
888(PERC) , contesting her termination. Following an evidentiary
895hearing and a PERC hearing officer's recommended order in that
905proceeding, PERC entered a final order on November 6, 2013,
915providing in its pertinent part:
920The relevant facts found by the hearing
927officer relate three separate incidents that
933led to [Theresa] Williams' dismissal. On
939February 8, 2013, Dr. Virginia Mesa observed
946Williams showing Captain Reed, who was the
953securi ty officer - in - charge of the shift,
963something in a green file. A green file is
972the type of medical file kept for each
980inmate. The green file was open in
987Williams' hand and Reed and Williams were
994looking into it. Mesa observed Williams
1000flipping through th e file with Reed in the
1009public hallway. The Agency's policy and
1015federal law strictly prohibit prison medical
1021personnel from allowing non - medical staff to
1029see inmate medical records.
1033That same day, Debra Elder, who was a
1041senior health services administrat or and new
1048manager, asked Williams to record various
1054information about canes that were issued to
1061inmates and to label each cane with an
1069identifying mark. Williams turned to a co -
1077worker and told her to do it. Elder
1085considered Williams' attitude insubordin ate
1090and wrote an incident report as soon as she
1099returned to her office.
1103On February 18, Williams was assigned
1109to be the "sick call" nurse when she
1117reported for her shift at 6:45 a.m.
1124However, she was informed that, if the
1131prison received a significant number of "new
1138gains," she would be re - assigned to assist
1147the two nurses do ing that work. "New gains"
1156is the Agency's term for the processing of
1164inmates transferred to the institution from
1170another facility. Around 8:00 a.m.,
1175Williams' supervisor, Joyce Isagba, arrived
1180at work. Isagba reviewed the assignments
1186and directed a sub ordinate to assign
1193Williams to new gains that day. Williams
1200believed Isagba, a relatively new
1205supervisor, had a pattern of changing her
1212assignment from sick call nurse to new gains
1220and did not like it. Williams approached
1227Isagba and questioned why she wa s being
1235reassigned. Williams and Isagba became loud
1241and argumentative. Other nurses were
1246present in the room. The conversation
1252lasted some time and Williams repeatedly
1258stated that the change of her assignment was
1266unfair and repeatedly wanted to know why she
1274was being reassigned. Isagba told her she
1281was more qualified to do that work and that
1290she did not have to give her reason for her
1300decisions. The dispute lasted several
1305minutes and Williams reluctantly assisted
1310with new gains. Later that day, Willia ms
1318was sent to sick call to finish that duty.
1327Isagba considered Williams to have been
1333insubordinate and wrote an incident report.
1339Based on these factual findings, the
1345hearing officer concluded that the Agency
1351had grounds to discipline Williams for poor
1358p erformance, violating the Agency's medical
1364information privacy, and insubordination in
1369violation of Florida Administrative Code
1374Rule 60L - 36.005. He recommended that [PERC]
1382adopt his recommended order and dismiss
1388Williams' appeal.
1390* * *
1393Upon review of t he complete record,
1400including the transcript, we conclude that
1406all of the hearing officer's facts are
1413supported by competent substantial evidence
1418received in a proceeding that satisfied the
1425essential requirements of law. Therefore,
1430we adopt the hearing of ficer's findings.
1437§ 120.57(1)(l), Fla. Stat. Furthermore, we
1443agree with the hearing officer's legal
1449analysis of the disputed legal issues, his
1456conclusions of law, and his recommendation.
1462Accordingly, the hearing officer's
1466recommendation is incorporated herein and
1471Williams' appeal is DISMISSED.
14758. The hearing officer's Recommendation and PE RC's Final
1484Order in the PERC Proceeding , Williams v. DOC , 28 FCSR 284
1495(2013), were submitted by both parties and received into
1504evidence without objection in this case as Exhibits P - 4 and P - 5,
1519respectively, and Exhibit s R - B and R - C , respectively . The PERC
1534Proceeding involved the same parties as in this case and the
1545allegations in the incident reports discussed at Petitioner's
1553termination conference were actually litiga ted and determined in
1562the PERC Proceeding. In other words, whether the incidents
1571outlined in those incident report s occurred and are sufficient
1581to support the Department's decision to termin ate Petitioner's
1590employment has already been determined. 2/
15969. Mo reover, Petitioner failed to show , in this case, that
1607the incidents did not occur. Although Petitioner testified that
1616she did not show Captain Reed the inmate's medical chart in
1627violation of HIPAA and introduced Captain Reed's written
1635statement stating th at Petitioner did not show him the chart,
1646the evidence adduced at the final hearing showed that when she
1657met with Captain Reed during the incident , she was flipping
1667through papers with the medical chart in her hand . As found in
1680the PERC hearing officer's Recommended Order:
1686Williams violated the Agency's privacy
1691policy when she held an open inmate medical
1699file so a security staff officer could see
1707the inmate's writing and signature. This
1713was not a reasonable procedure to accomplish
1720the task of notifying the officer of a
1728potential security threat to other inmates.
1734There was a real possibility that the sick
1742call slip had been forged. It was
1749unnecessary to show Captain Reed an inmate's
1756medical file to determin e if the slip was
1765forged. Williams coul d have don e that
1773herself with the same accuracy as Reed,
1780since neither is a handwriting expert.
1786Williams v. DOC , 28 FCSR 284 (Recommended Order, 08/26/13).
179510. Dr. Mesa's testimony in this case was consistent with
1805the hearing officer's finding and is credited .
181311. Regarding the other two incident reports , while
1821Petitioner denied asking another to perform her assigned task of
1831logging inmates' canes, she admitted that she delayed performing
1840the task. Petitioner also admitted that she questioned her
1849supervisor, Ms. Insagba, as to why she was being assigned "new
1860gains," that during the incident Ms. Insagba raised her voice,
1870and that they " were both talking at the same time and I guess
1883she was trying to get a point across and I was just trying to
1897ask her why."
190012. In addition to the incidents addressed in the three
1910incident reports, during cross examination in this case,
1918Petitioner revealed that she was also disciplined twice in 2012.
1928In August 2012, Petitioner received a record of couns eling for
1939insubordination. And in December 2012, Petitioner received a
1947written reprimand for failure to follow instructions.
195413. In sum, the record supports a finding that , by May
19652013, the Department had cause to terminate Petitioner .
197414. Although it has been determined that the Department
1983had cause to terminate Petitioner's employment at the
1991Institution, in this case Petitioner asserts that the real
2000reason for her dismissal was her participation as a witness in a
2012discrimination charge brought by another employee against the
2020Depa rtment and Dr. Mesa.
202515. The disciplin ary incidents supporting Petitioner's
2032dismissal occurred in February 2013, and before. The
2040investigation in which Petitioner participated began in March of
20492013 and Petitioner provided testimony in that investigation on
2058April 23, 2013 , after Dr. Mesa had already recommended
2067PetitionerÓs dismissal and after Petitioner had been notified by
2076the Department that she was being considered for dismissal .
2086Petitioner was dismissed in May 2013.
209216. In finding pro bable cause, the Commission stated in
2102its summary of the Investigative Memorandum:
2108Complainant did not demonstrate that she was
2115harassed or disciplined because of
2120participation in the internal investigation.
2125Complainant provided no evidence of
2130harassment, and she was not disciplined
2136after her protected activity occurred.
2141Respondent admitted that Complainant was
2146disciplined for the alleged HIPAA violation,
2152but this occurred prior to her protected
2159activity.
2160Based on the information received during the
2167inve stigation, it does appear that
2173Complainant was terminated in retaliation
2178for her participation in the internal
2184investigation. If the alleged HIPAA
2189violation was a true terminable offense,
2195Complainant should have been terminated in
2201February of 2013 when it occurred. Instead,
2208Respondent waited nearly three months to
2214terminate her, which was about three weeks
2221after her protected activity. Additionally,
2226Respondent has a progressive disciplinary
2231policy which it did not follow. The alleged
2239HIPAA violation is Complainant's only
2244documented incident. Respondent also
2248claimed that Complainant was terminated
2253after she was disciplined several times
2259prior to the HIPAA event, yet it could
2267provide no evidence that she had a
2274disciplinary record prior to February of
22802013.
228117. Unlike the limited information available to the
2289Commission in its probable cause determination, the evidence in
2298the de novo proceeding conducted in this case demonstrated that
2308Petitioner had a number of disciplinary offenses in February
2317that we re found by PERC to support her dismissal, and that
2329Petitioner had been written up for two other disciplinary
2338infractions in 2012.
234118. Moreover, the showing necessary for a probable cause
2350determination is less than Petitioner's burden to prove
2358discriminat ion.
236019. While there was a delay in Petitioner's termination ,
2369the evidence showed that Dr. Mesa recommended Petitioner for
2378dismissal when she wrote up the incident report for the HIPAA
2389violation in February 2013.
239320. Although it is evident that management, including the
2402Warden and Dr. Mesa , was generally aware that Petitioner had
2412participated as a witness in another employee's discrimination
2420claim in April of 2013 , Petitioner did not show that she was
2432terminated because of that participation.
24372 1. And, w hile the Department's delay in dismissing
2447Petitioner remained unexplained at the final hearing , 3/ that
2456delay , in light of the other facts and circumstances of this
2467case, including Petitioner's numerous disciplinary infractions
2473ou tlined above, is an insufficient basis to support a finding
2484that Petitioner was terminated i n retaliation for her
2493participation in a protected activity.
2498CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
250122. The Division of Administrative Hearings has
2508jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter of this
2517proceeding pursuant to section s 120.569 and 120.57(1), Florida
2526Statutes, and Florida Administrative Code Rule 60Y - 4.016(1).
253523. The State of Florida, under the legislative scheme
2544contained in sections 760.01 Î 760.11 and 509.092, Florida
2553Statutes, known as the Florida Civil Rights Act of 1992 (the
2564Act), incorporates and adopts the legal principles and
2572precedents established in the fe deral anti - discrimination laws
2582specifically set forth under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
2593of 1964, as amended. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e, et seq .
260424. The Florida law prohibiting unlawful employment
2611practices is found in section 760.10. Section 760.10(7)
2619provides:
2620It is an unlawful employment practice for an
2628employer . . . to discriminate against any
2636person because that person has opposed any
2643practice which is an unlawful employment
2649practice under this section, or because that
2656person has made a charge, tes tified,
2663assisted, or participated in any manner in
2670an investigation, proceeding, or hearing
2675under this section.
267825. Florida courts have held that because the Act is
2688patterned after Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as
2700amended, federal case law dealing with Title VII is applicable.
2710See , e.g. , Fla. Dep't of Cmty . Aff. v. Bryant , 586 So. 2d 1205,
27241209 (Fla. 1st D CA 1991).
273026. As developed in federal cases, a prima facie case of
2741discrimination under Title VII may be established by statistical
2750proof of a pattern of discrimination, or on the basis of direct
2762evidence which, if believed, would prove the existence of
2771d iscrimination without inference or presumption. 4/ Usually,
2779however, as in this case, direct evidence is lacking and one
2790seeking to prove discrimination must rely on circumstantial
2798evidence of discriminatory intent, using the shifting burden of
2807proof patte rn established in McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green ,
2817411 U.S. 792 (1973). See Holifield v. Reno , 115 F.3d 1555, 1562
2829(11th Cir. 1997).
283227. Under the shifting burden pattern developed in
2840McDonnell Douglas :
2843First, [Petitioner] has the burden of
2849proving a prima facie case of discrimination
2856by a preponderance of the evidence. Second,
2863if [Petitioner] sufficiently establishes a
2868prima facie case, the burden shifts to
2875[Respondent] to Ðarticulate some legitimate,
2880nondiscriminatory reasonÑ for its action.
2885Third, if [Respondent] satisfies this
2890burden, [Petitioner] has the opportunity to
2896prove by a preponderance that the legitimate
2903reasons asserted by [Respondent] are in fact
2910mere pretext. U.S. Dep't of Hous. and Urban
2918Dev. v. Blackwell , 908 F.2d 864, 870 (11th
2926Ci r. 1990)(housing discrimination claim);
2931accord Valenzuela v. GlobeGround N. Am.,
2937LLC , 18 So. 3d 17, 22 (Fla. 3d DCA
29462009)(gender discrimination claim)("Under
2950the McDonnell Douglas framework, a plaintiff
2956must first establish, by a preponderance of
2963the evidence, a prima facie case of
2970discrimination.").
297228. Therefore, in order to prevail in her claim against
2982the Department , Petitioner must first establish a prima facie
2991case by a preponderance of the evidence. Id. ; § 120.57(1)(j),
3001Fla. Stat. ("Findings of fact shall be based upon a
3012preponderance of the evidence, except in penal or licensure
3021proceedings or except as otherwise provided by statute and shall
3031be based exclusively on the evidence of record and on matters
3042officially recognized.").
304529. "Demonst rating a prima facie case is not onerous; it
3056requires only that the plaintiff establish facts adequate to
3065permit an inference of discrimination." Holifield , 115 F.3d at
30741562; cf. , Gross v. Lyons , 763 So. 2d 276, 280 n.1 (Fla. 2000)
3087("A preponderance of th e evidence is 'the greater weight of the
3100evidence,' [citation omitted] or evidence that 'more likely than
3110not' tends to prove a certain proposition.") .
311930. Petitioner's Complaint of Discrimination against the
3126Department alleges that the Department termina ted her employment
3135in retaliation for her participation as a witness during the
3145investigation of an alleged discrimination claim brought by
3153another employee.
315531. I n order to prove a prima facie case of retaliation
3167prohibited by Title VII, the plaintiff must show "( 1) that there
3179was a statutorily protected participation; (2) that an adverse
3188employment action occurred; and (3) that there was a causal link
3199between the participation and the adverse employment action."
3207Fleming v. Boeing Co. , 120 F.3d 242, 24 8 (11th Cir. 1997).
321932. Petitioner successfully showed that , by virtue of her
3228participation as witness in an investigation of another
3236employee's discrimination claim, she participated in a protected
3244activity. See § 760.10(7), Fla. Stat. (prohibits discri mination
3253because a person has "testified, assisted, or participated in
3262investigation, proceeding, or hearing" involving a claim of
3270discrimination).
327133. The evidence also demonstrat ed an adverse employment
3280action ; namely, Petitioner's dismissal.
328434. Petit ioner, however, failed to show, by a
3293preponderance of the evidence, a causal link between her
3302participation in a protected activity and her discharge. While
3311the burden of causation can be met by showing close proximity
3322between the time of the protected ac tivity and adverse
3332employment action, 5/ the evidence in this case does not satisfy
3343that burden. PetitionerÓs protected activity occurred after she
3351had been recommended for dismissal and notified of a meeting
3361with the Warden to discuss her proposed dismissal.
336935. Therefore , Petitioner failed to carry her burden of
3378persuasion necessary to state a prima facie case for her claim
3389of a retaliatory discharge because of her participation in a
3399protected activity .
340236. Even if Petitioner had demonstrated a p rima facie
3412case, t he Department successfully offered and proved legitimate,
3421nondiscriminatory reason s supporting Petitioner's dismissal , and
3428Petitioner failed to show, by a preponderance of the evidence,
3438that those legitimate reasons were not the real reasons for her
3449termination.
3450RECOMMENDATION
3451Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of
3461Law, it is
3464RECOMMENDED that the Florida Commission on Human Relations
3472enter a final order dismissing Petitioner's Complaint of
3480Discrimination and Petiti on for Relief consistent with the terms
3490of this Recommended Order .
3495DONE AND ENTERED this 30th day of June , 2015 , in
3505Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida.
3509S
3510JAMES H. PETERSON, III
3514Administrative Law Judge
3517Division of Administrative Hearings
3521The DeSoto Building
35241230 Apalachee Parkway
3527Tallahassee, Florida32399 - 3060
3531www.doah.state.fl.us
3532Filed with the Clerk of the
3538Division of Administrative Hearings
3542this 30th day of June , 201 5 .
3550ENDNOTES
35511/ Unless otherwise indicated, all references to the Florida
3560St atutes, Florida Administrative Code, and federal laws are to
3570the current versions which have not substantively changed since
3579the time of the alleged discrimination.
35852/ Although Petitioner also attempted to disprove the
3593allegations in the same incident reports in this case, the
3603legitimacy of those allegations has already been determined in
3612the PERC proceeding prior to this case. As t he PERC Proceeding
3624involved the same parties and same inci dent reports discussed at
3635Petitioner's termination conference, principles of collateral
3641estoppel, also referred to as estoppel by judgment, prevent
3650Petitioner from re - litigating those matters. While the previous
3660litigation before PERC should bar Petitione r's re - litigation of
3671the issues involving Petitioner's HIPAA violation and
3678insubordination or rule violations set forth in the incident
3687reports discussed at Petitioner's termination conference, it
3694does not bar Petitioner's claim of retaliation. As explain ed in
3705City of Bartow v. Public Employees Relations Commission , 382 So.
37152d 311, 313 (Fla. 2d DCA 1979):
3722The City raises several points on appeal,
3729but we need discuss only two. We first
3737address its contention that PERC was without
3744jurisdiction to make a det ermination in this
3752cause because of the prior adjudication of
3759the Bartow Civil Service Board. The City
3766contends that the Board's action barred the
3773Commission from even considering whether
3778Ott's discharge resulted from an unfair
3784labor practice on the groun d that the
3792Board's adjudication was res judicata. We
3798disagree. The issue before the Civil
3804Service Board was whether Ott was
3810insubordinate and not whether the City was
3817guilty of an unfair labor practice in
3824terminating his employment. Therefore,
3828while the principle of estoppel by judgment
3835applied to the Board's determination that
3841Ott was insubordinate, it did not apply to
3849PERC's contention that the City had
3855committed an unfair labor practice.
3860Estoppel by judgment bars only those matters
3867actually litigated and determined in an
3873initial action. Gordon v. Gordon , 59 So. 2d
388140 (Fla. 1952) ; see also Jet Air Freight v.
3890Jet Air Freight Delivery, Inc. , 264 So. 2d
389835 (Fla. 3d DCA 1972) ; Board of County
3906Commissioners v. Rockmatt Corp. , 231 So. 2d
391341 (Fla. 3d DCA 1970) . Accordingly, while
3921the Commission was estopped from rehearing
3927the issue of Ott's insubordination, it had
3934jurisdiction to determine whether the City
3940had committed an unfair labor practice. See
3947PERC v. Fraternal Order of Police, Local
3954Lodge , No. 38 , 327 So. 2d 43 (Fla. 2d DCA
39641976) .
3966Therefore, although Petitioner is barred from re - litigating the
3976incidents addressed in the PERC order, because Petitioner's
3984claim of retaliation was not previously determined in the PERC
3994proceeding, it is appropriate to determine that issue in this
4004case.
40053/ It is likely that an explanation of the delay could have been
4018provided by the InstitutionÓs Warden. The Warden was not called
4028as a witness in this case. The Warden was reportedly
4038unavailable during the final hearing because of a family medical
4048emergency which occurred the night before. Although offered the
4057opportunity to present the WardenÓs testimony by telephone or at
4067a later date, the Department chose not to call the Warden as a
4080witness. As seen in the rest of t he analysis, an explanation of
4093the delay was not critical to the DepartmentÓs defense.
41024 / For instance, an example of direct evidence in an age
4114discrimination case would be the employer's memorandum stating,
4122ÐFire [petitioner] Î he is too old,Ñ clearly an d directly
4134evincing that the plaintiff was terminated based on his age.
4144See Early v. Champion Int'l Corp. , 907 F.2d 1077, 1081 (11th
4155Cir. 1990).
41575/ As explained in Thomas v. Cooper Lighting, Inc. , 506 F.3d
41681361, 1364 (11th Cir. 2001):
4173The burden of causation can be met by
4181showing close temporal proximity between the
4187statutorily protected activity and the
4192adverse employment action. See Brungart v.
4198BellSouth Telecomms., Inc., 231 F.3d 791,
4204798 - 99 (11th Cir. 2000) . But mere temporal
4214proximity, without more, must be "very
4220close ." Clark County Sch. Dist. v. Breeden ,
4228532 U.S. 268, 273, 121 S. Ct. 1508, 1511,
4237149 L. Ed. 2d 509 (2001) (internal citations
4245omitted). A three to four month disparity
4252between the statutorily protected expression
4257and the adverse employment action is not
4264enough. See id. (citing Richmond v. ONEOK ,
4271120 F.3d 205, 209 (10th Cir. 1997) (3 month
4280period insufficient) and Hughes v.
4285Derwinski , 967 F.2d 1168, 1174 - 75 (7th Cir.
42941992) (4 month period insufficient)). Thus,
4300in the absence of other evidence tending to
4308show causation, if there is a substantial
4315delay between the protected expression and
4321the adverse action, the complaint of
4327retaliation fails as a matter of law. See
4335Higdon v. Jackson , 393 F.3d 1211, 1220 (11th
4343Cir. 2004) (citing [**6] Wascura v. City of
4351South Miami , 257 F.3d 1238, 1248 (11th Cir.
43592001)) .
4361COPIES FURNISHED :
4364Sena M. Bailes , Esquire
4368Todd Studley, Esquire
4371Florida Department of Corrections
4375501 South Calhoun Street
4379Tallahassee, Florida 32399 - 2500
4384(eServed)
4385Carlos V. Leach, Esquire
4389Morgan & Morgan, P.A.
439320 North Orange Avenue, Suite 1600
4399Post Office Box 4979
4403Orlando , Florida 32802 - 4979
4408( eServed)
4410Tammy Scott Barton, Agency Clerk
4415Florida Commission on Human Relations
44204075 Esplanade Way , Room 110
4425Tallahassee, Florida 32399
4428Cheyanne Costilla, General Counsel
4432Florida Commission on Human Relations
44374075 Esplanade Way, Room 110
4442Tallahassee, Florida 32399
4445NOTICE OF RIGHT TO SUBMIT EXCEPTIONS
4451All parties have the right to submit written exceptions within
446115 days from the date of this Recommended Order. Any exceptions
4472to this Recommended Order should be filed with the agency that
4483will issue the Final Order in this case.
- Date
- Proceedings
- PDF:
- Date: 09/17/2015
- Proceedings: Agency Final Order Dismissing Petition for Relief from an Unlawful Employment Practice filed.
- PDF:
- Date: 06/30/2015
- Proceedings: Recommended Order cover letter identifying the hearing record referred to the Agency.
- Date: 05/01/2015
- Proceedings: Transcript (not available for viewing) filed.
- Date: 03/24/2015
- Proceedings: CASE STATUS: Hearing Held.
- PDF:
- Date: 02/12/2015
- Proceedings: Order Re-scheduling Hearing (hearing set for March 24, 2015; 9:00 a.m.; Bushnell, FL).
- PDF:
- Date: 01/22/2015
- Proceedings: Order Granting Continuance (parties to advise status by February 2, 2015).
- PDF:
- Date: 01/16/2015
- Proceedings: Letter to Judge Peterson from Theresa Williams requesting a continuance filed.
- PDF:
- Date: 11/12/2014
- Proceedings: Amended Notice of Hearing (hearing set for January 29 and 30, 2015; 9:00 a.m.; Bushnell, FL; amended as to Venue).
- PDF:
- Date: 11/04/2014
- Proceedings: Notice of Hearing (hearing set for January 29 and 30, 2015; 9:00 a.m.; Bushnell, FL).
- Date: 10/22/2014
- Proceedings: Employment Complaint of Discrimination filed.
Case Information
- Judge:
- JAMES H. PETERSON, III
- Date Filed:
- 10/22/2014
- Date Assignment:
- 10/23/2014
- Last Docket Entry:
- 09/17/2015
- Location:
- Bushnell, Florida
- District:
- Northern
- Agency:
- ADOPTED IN TOTO
Counsels
-
Sena Marie Bailes, Assistant General Counsel
Florida Department of Corrections
501 South Calhoun Street
Tallahassee, FL 32399
(850) 717-3594 -
Tammy Scott Barton, Agency Clerk
Florida Commission on Human Relations
4075 Esplanade Way, Room 110
Tallahassee, FL 32399
(850) 907-6808 -
Lewis Kinslow
Florida Department of Corrections
501 South Calhoun Street
Tallahassee, FL 32399 -
Carlos V. Leach, Attorney
Morgan & Morgan, P.A.
Suite 1600
20 North Orange Avenue
Orlando, FL 32802
(407) 420-1414 -
Todd Evan Studley, Esquire
Florida Department of Corrections
501 South Calhoun Street
Tallahassee, FL 32399
(850) 717-3596 -
Theresa Williams
Post Office Box 1401
Wildwood, FL 34785
(352) 399-1480 -
Sena Marie Bailes, Assistant General Counsel
Address of Record -
Tammy Scott Barton, Agency Clerk
Address of Record -
Lewis Kinslow
Address of Record -
Carlos V. Leach, Attorney
Address of Record -
Todd Evan Studley, Esquire
Address of Record -
Tammy S Barton, Agency Clerk
Address of Record -
Sena Marie Lizenbee, Esquire
Address of Record